Americans’ quality of life jeopardized due to reduction of refineries

California is set to lose 17% of its oil refinery capacity over the next 12 months because of two planned refinery closures, Phillips in Southern CA in 2025 and Valero in Northern CA in 2026. If realized, the closure of these facilities is likely to contribute to increases in fuel price volatility on the West Coast, and challenges to meet the demand of California's 9 international airports and 41 military airports for 13 million gallons of aviation fuel daily from in-state refineries.

· It's ironic that the 650 acres of the Phillips Refinery in Wilmington, CA that will be closing at the end of 2025 will be replaced with retail and warehouses all built and supported with the products made by refined crude oil, from other refineries that are not-in-MY-backyard.

Asia is the region with the greatest number of future petroleum refineries. As of 2021, there were 88 new refinery facilities in planning or under construction in Asia for manufactured gasoline, diesel, and aviation fuels used by every transportation infrastructure, and the military, as well as the manufactured oil derivatives that are the basis of most products being used by mankind.

These upcoming refinery projects are a combination of new construction primarily in developing countries, and expansions of existing facilities primarily in wealthier developed countries. The Asia-Pacific region, especially China and India, is expected to see a significant portion of these new refining additions, followed by the Middle East and Africa.

In response to these concerns, the refining industry is adopting various technologies and practices to reduce pollution, including flare gas recovery systems, VOC control technologies, advanced wastewater treatment systems, and energy-efficient combustion systems. Stricter environmental regulations and the shift towards cleaner energy sources are also impacting the future of the refining industry, potentially leading to refinery closures in the coming decades.

This 4-billion-year-old Planet has vast resources of crude oil and coal in the ground that need to be refined or processed to meet the supply chain of products demanded by society. However, the more advanced developed economies are the LEAST likely to allow any "dirty" emissions generating plants to be sited, permitted, or built in THEIR BACKYARDS, inclusive of refineries, coal gasification and coal liquefaction plants to help meet the materialistic product and fuel demands of humanity!