Making the United Nations representative

One should appreciate the constructive and logical approach of 62-year-old Mr Ban who is well known in Korea as a man of commitment and vision. However, the restructuring of existing departments and operational sectors is not enough and may not help to make the UN an influential organisation for every member nation.

The world has changed a lot in the last few decades. The needs, demands and issues have changed. Terrorism and climate change are two vital issues the world is currently facing. Another important global issue is the disarmament of dangerous weapons. Mr Ban should also work closely with the UNSC permanent members to formulate plans for the establishment of a system to regulate armaments with a view to achieving UN-controlled “general and complete disarmament”.

The support, help and contribution of every nation is needed to deal with these issues. The superpowers must treat every other nation equally in order to grapple with global issues.

In this changing world, when we are facing problems of global dimension like terrorism and climate change, the world community needs to deal with the interests of the whole world rather than the interests of individual powers and their allies.

Therefore, the structure of the UN, especially the Security Council, needs to be changed so that it treats all nations equally and provides every nation - strong or weak - with the same kind of value, respect and confidence and draws the member states together.

If Mr Ban wants to make the UN an organisation that represents every member state, and that global issues will be resolved only through this global platform, then he will need to fight for major reform including the restructuring.

At present, there is gap between the General Assembly and the Security Council. Many member countries of the UN General Assembly feel they have no voice in the UN. Therefore, the reform package could be a bid for establishing a Second Assembly - a new principal organ under Article 7 of the UN Charter that would be directly accountable to the electorate states.

Prior to issues being submitted to Security Council they must be addressed in this lower house. The lower house would have major representation for all the regions. The Security Council should then only deal with the matters which are approved in the lower house. This will provide confidence and faith to the countries of all the regions.

The present composition of the five permanent members of the Security Council is not in accordance with the conditions stipulated in the United Nations Charter, i.e. the principles of equal rights (Article 1, No 2), sovereign equality (Article 2, No 1) and equitable geographical representation (Article 23, No 1). In the present set-up of the Security Council, the big powers holding the veto look first to their own interests followed by the interests of the rest.

The composition of the permanent members of the UNSC was not considered to be long-term at the time of the foundation of the UN.

At present, the two important regions of the world, Africa and Latin America have no representation in the UNSC as permanent members. Similarly, a strong Muslim participation is also needed especially to assist with growing terrorists activities originating from the Islamic world. Representation of the European Union would also be very productive to deal with issues like climate change.

Africa, the Group of Arab States, Japan as the most advanced Asian country and a top-financial contributor to the UN budget, India with the world’s 2nd largest population and the fastest growing nation in South Asia should also be considered for permanent representation in Security Council.

New permanent or semi-permanent members could forego the veto right, not with a view to eventually abolishing the veto altogether, but to keep the number small. The UNSC must now represent all the regions of the world.